The Smart Penny #1:  The Gambler’s Fallacy

Small pile of pennies

If you flip a coin and get heads 4 times in a row, the next flip is likely to be tails, right?  That reasoning, which often makes intuitive sense to us, is dead wrong.  We start from something true:  coin flips tend to average out to half heads, half tails.  If you jump from that to assuming that past coin flips affect future ones, you’re implicitly saying that the coin remembers and acts.

Read more